▲ 디지털 ID 산업의 발전 전략 [출처=iNIS]디지털 ID(Digital Identity) 분야에서 상호운용(interoperable)이 가능하고 안전한 서비스 보장을 위한 표준에 대한 수요가 증가하고 있다. 다양한 표준 조직 및 산업 기관이 활동하는 이유다.디지털 ID 표준을 개발하는 곳은 유럽표준화기구(European Standardisation Organistions), 국제표준화기구(International Standardisation Organisations), 상업 포럼 및 컨소시엄, 국가기관 등 다양하다.산업단체와 포럼은 공식적으로 표준화 조직으로 간주되지 않지만 디지털 ID 영역을 포함한 특정 영역에서는 사실상의 표준을 제공하고 있다.몇몇의 경우 이들 단체들이 추가 비준을 위해 자신들이 생산한 사양을 ISO/IEC, ITU 통신 표준화 부문(ITU-T), ETSI 등 표준 기관에 제출할 수 있다.이러한 산업단체 및 포럼에는 △인증기관브라우저 포럼(Certification Authority Browser Forum,  CA/Browser Forum) △클라우드 서명 컨소시엄(Cloud Signature Consortium, CSC) △국제자금세탁방지기구(Financial Action Task Force, FATF) △신속온라인인증(Fast Identity Online, FIDO) △국제인터넷표준화기구(Internet Engineering Task Force, IETF) △구조화 정보 표준 개발기구(오아시스)(Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards, OASIS) △오픈ID(OpenID) △SOG-IS(Senior Officials Group-Information Systems Security) △W3C(World Wide Web Consortium) 등이다.구조화 정보 표준 개발기구(Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards, OASIS)는 공급업체와 사용자의 컨소시엄으로 시작됐다.오늘날 사이버보안(cybersecurity), 블록체인(blockchain), 사물인터넷(internet of things, IoT), 비상 경영(emergency management), 클라우드 컴퓨팅(cloud computing) 등 프로젝트를 발전시키는 대규모 비영리 표준 조직이다.오아시스는 '디지털 서명 서비스 핵심 프로토콜, 요소, 바인딩'과 같은 디지털 서명과 관련된 프로토콜, 프로필 등 기술 사양을 개발해왔다.오아시스는 ISO에 협력하고 있는 조직으로 각 기술위원회(TC) 또는 분과위원회(SC)가 다루는 문제에 대해 기술위원회(TC) 또는 분과위원회(SC)의 업무에 효과적으로 기여하는 조직(A liaisons)이다.기여하고 있는 기술위원회 및 분과위원회는 다음과 같다.▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 6 시스템 간 통신 및 정보 교환▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 34 문서 설명 및 처리 언어▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 38 클라우드 컴퓨팅 및 분산 플랫폼▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 40 IT 서비스 관리 및 IT 거버넌스▷ISO/TC 12 수량 및 단위▷ISO/TC 37 언어 및 용어▷ISO/TC 37/SC 5 번역, 통역 및 관련 기술▷ISO/TC 46/SC 4 기술적 상호 운용성▷ISO/TC 154 상업, 산업 및 행정 분야의 프로세스, 데이터 요소 및 문서▷ISO/TC 184/SC 4 산업 데이터▷ISO/TC 211 지리정보/지리학또한 오아시스는 2005년 10월 21일 Working Draft 34에서 Digital Signature Service Core Protocols, Elements, and Bindings Version 1.0을 발표했다.이후 2019년 12월 11일 'Digital Signature Service Core Protocols, Elements, and Bindings Version 2.0 Committee Specification 02'가 발표됐다.버전 2.0의 목차를 살펴보면 다음과 같다.■목차(Table of Contents)1 Introduction.........................................................................................................................................101.1 IPR Policy .........................................................................................................................................101.2 Terminology ......................................................................................................................................101.2.1 Terms and Definitions ...............................................................................................................101.2.2 Abbreviated Terms ....................................................................................................................101.3 Normative References ......................................................................................................................101.4 Non-Normative References ..............................................................................................................121.5 Typographical Conventions ..............................................................................................................131.6 DSS Overview (Non-normative) .......................................................................................................132 Design Considerations .......................................................................................................................152.1 Version 2.0 goal [non-normative]......................................................................................................152.2 Transforming DSS 1.0 into 2.0 .........................................................................................................152.2.1 Circumventing xs:any ................................................................................................................152.2.2 Substituting the mixed Schema Attribute ..................................................................................162.2.3 Introducing the NsPrefixMappingType Component.............................................................162.2.4 Imported XML schemes ............................................................................................................162.2.5 Syntax variants..........................................................................................................................172.2.6 JSON Syntax Extensions ..........................................................................................................172.3 Construction Principles .....................................................................................................................172.3.1 Multi Syntax approach...............................................................................................................172.4 Schema Organization and Namespaces ..........................................................................................182.5 DSS Component Overview...............................................................................................................192.5.1 Schema Extensions...................................................................................................................193 Data Type Models ..............................................................................................................................213.1 Boolean Model..................................................................................................................................213.2 Integer Model....................................................................................................................................213.3 String Model......................................................................................................................................213.4 Binary Data Model ............................................................................................................................213.5 URI Model.........................................................................................................................................213.6 Unique Identifier Model.....................................................................................................................213.7 Date and Time Model .......................................................................................................................213.8 Lang Model .......................................................................................................................................214 Data Structure Models........................................................................................................................224.1 Data Structure Models defined in this document..............................................................................224.1.1 Component NsPrefixMapping ...................................................................................................224.1.1.1 NsPrefixMapping – JSON Syntax ......................................................................................................224.1.1.2 NsPrefixMapping – XML Syntax ........................................................................................................224.2 Data Structure Models defined in this document..............................................................................234.2.1 Component InternationalString..................................................................................................234.2.1.1 InternationalString – JSON Syntax ....................................................................................................234.2.1.2 InternationalString – XML Syntax.......................................................................................................244.2.2 Component DigestInfo...............................................................................................................244.2.2.1 DigestInfo – JSON Syntax .................................................................................................................244.2.2.2 DigestInfo – XML Syntax ...................................................................................................................254.2.3 Component AttachmentReference............................................................................................254.2.3.1 AttachmentReference – JSON Syntax...............................................................................................254.2.3.2 AttachmentReference – XML Syntax.................................................................................................264.2.4 Component Any.........................................................................................................................264.2.4.1 Any – JSON Syntax ...........................................................................................................................274.2.4.2 Any – XML Syntax .............................................................................................................................274.2.5 Component Base64Data ...........................................................................................................274.2.5.1 Base64Data – JSON Syntax..............................................................................................................284.2.5.2 Base64Data – XML Syntax................................................................................................................294.2.6 Component SignaturePtr...........................................................................................................304.2.6.1 SignaturePtr – JSON Syntax..............................................................................................................314.2.6.2 SignaturePtr – XML Syntax................................................................................................................324.2.7 Component Result.....................................................................................................................334.2.7.1 Result – JSON Syntax .......................................................................................................................334.2.7.2 Result – XML Syntax .........................................................................................................................344.2.8 Component OptionalInputs........................................................................................................344.2.8.1 OptionalInputs – JSON Syntax ..........................................................................................................354.2.8.2 OptionalInputs – XML Syntax.............................................................................................................354.2.9 Component OptionalOutputs.....................................................................................................354.2.9.1 OptionalOutputs – JSON Syntax........................................................................................................354.2.9.2 OptionalOutputs – XML Syntax..........................................................................................................364.2.10 Component RequestBase .......................................................................................................364.2.10.1 RequestBase – JSON Syntax..........................................................................................................364.2.10.2 RequestBase – XML Syntax ............................................................................................................364.2.11 Component ResponseBase ....................................................................................................374.2.11.1 ResponseBase – JSON Syntax .......................................................................................................374.2.11.2 ResponseBase – XML Syntax .........................................................................................................384.3 Operation requests and responses ..................................................................................................384.3.1 Component SignRequest ..........................................................................................................384.3.1.1 SignRequest – JSON Syntax.............................................................................................................384.3.1.2 SignRequest – XML Syntax ...............................................................................................................394.3.2 Component SignResponse .......................................................................................................394.3.2.1 SignResponse – JSON Syntax ..........................................................................................................404.3.2.2 SignResponse – XML Syntax ............................................................................................................414.3.3 Component VerifyRequest ........................................................................................................414.3.3.1 VerifyRequest – JSON Syntax...........................................................................................................414.3.3.2 VerifyRequest – XML Syntax .............................................................................................................424.3.4 Component VerifyResponse .....................................................................................................434.3.4.1 VerifyResponse – JSON Syntax ........................................................................................................434.3.4.2 VerifyResponse – XML Syntax ..........................................................................................................434.3.5 Component PendingRequest ....................................................................................................444.3.5.1 PendingRequest – JSON Syntax.......................................................................................................444.3.5.2 PendingRequest – XML Syntax .........................................................................................................454.4 Optional data structures defined in this document ...........................................................................454.4.1 Component RequestID..............................................................................................................454.4.1.1 RequestID – JSON Syntax ................................................................................................................454.4.1.2 RequestID – XML Syntax...................................................................................................................454.4.2 Component ResponseID ...........................................................................................................454.4.2.1 ResponseID – JSON Syntax..............................................................................................................464.4.2.2 ResponseID – XML Syntax................................................................................................................464.4.3 Component OptionalInputsBase ...............................................................................................464.4.3.1 OptionalInputsBase – JSON Syntax ..................................................................................................474.4.3.2 OptionalInputsBase – XML Syntax ....................................................................................................474.4.4 Component OptionalInputsSign ................................................................................................484.4.4.1 OptionalInputsSign – JSON Syntax ...................................................................................................494.4.4.2 OptionalInputsSign – XML Syntax .....................................................................................................514.4.5 Component OptionalInputsVerify ..............................................................................................524.4.5.1 OptionalInputsVerify – JSON Syntax .................................................................................................534.4.5.2 OptionalInputsVerify – XML Syntax ...................................................................................................554.4.6 Component OptionalOutputsBase ............................................................................................564.4.6.1 OptionalOutputsBase – JSON Syntax ...............................................................................................564.4.6.2 OptionalOutputsBase – XML Syntax..................................................................................................564.4.7 Component OptionalOutputsSign .............................................................................................574.4.7.1 OptionalOutputsSign – JSON Syntax ................................................................................................574.4.7.2 OptionalOutputsSign – XML Syntax...................................................................................................584.4.8 Component OptionalOutputsVerify ...........................................................................................584.4.8.1 OptionalOutputsVerify – JSON Syntax ..............................................................................................594.4.8.2 OptionalOutputsVerify – XML Syntax.................................................................................................604.4.9 Component ClaimedIdentity ......................................................................................................614.4.9.1 ClaimedIdentity – JSON Syntax.........................................................................................................614.4.9.2 ClaimedIdentity – XML Syntax...........................................................................................................624.4.10 Component Schemas..............................................................................................................624.4.10.1 Schemas – JSON Syntax ................................................................................................................624.4.10.2 Schemas – XML Syntax...................................................................................................................634.4.11 Component IntendedAudience................................................................................................634.4.11.1 IntendedAudience – JSON Syntax...................................................................................................634.4.11.2 IntendedAudience – XML Syntax.....................................................................................................644.4.12 Component KeySelector .........................................................................................................644.4.12.1 KeySelector – JSON Syntax ............................................................................................................654.4.12.2 KeySelector – XML Syntax ..............................................................................................................664.4.13 Component X509Digest ..........................................................................................................664.4.13.1 X509Digest – JSON Syntax.............................................................................................................664.4.13.2 X509Digest – XML Syntax ...............................................................................................................674.4.14 Component PropertiesHolder..................................................................................................674.4.14.1 PropertiesHolder – JSON Syntax.....................................................................................................674.4.14.2 PropertiesHolder – XML Syntax.......................................................................................................684.4.15 Component Properties ............................................................................................................684.4.15.1 Properties – JSON Syntax ...............................................................................................................684.4.15.2 Properties – XML Syntax .................................................................................................................694.4.16 Component Property ...............................................................................................................694.4.16.1 Property – JSON Syntax..................................................................................................................694.4.16.2 Property – XML Syntax ....................................................................................................................704.4.17 Component IncludeObject.......................................................................................................704.4.17.1 IncludeObject – JSON Syntax..........................................................................................................714.4.17.2 IncludeObject – XML Syntax............................................................................................................724.4.18 Component SignaturePlacement ............................................................................................724.4.18.1 SignaturePlacement – JSON Syntax ...............................................................................................724.4.18.2 SignaturePlacement – XML Syntax .................................................................................................734.4.19 Component DocumentWithSignature......................................................................................744.4.19.1 DocumentWithSignature – JSON Syntax.........................................................................................744.4.19.2 DocumentWithSignature – XML Syntax...........................................................................................744.4.20 Component SignedReferences ...............................................................................................754.4.20.1 SignedReferences – JSON Syntax ..................................................................................................754.4.20.2 SignedReferences – XML Syntax ....................................................................................................754.4.21 Component SignedReference.................................................................................................764.4.21.1 SignedReference – JSON Syntax....................................................................................................764.4.21.2 SignedReference – XML Syntax......................................................................................................774.4.22 Component VerifyManifestResults ..........................................................................................774.4.22.1 VerifyManifestResults – JSON Syntax.............................................................................................774.4.22.2 VerifyManifestResults – XML Syntax ...............................................................................................784.4.23 Component ManifestResult .....................................................................................................784.4.23.1 ManifestResult – JSON Syntax........................................................................................................784.4.23.2 ManifestResult – XML Syntax..........................................................................................................794.4.24 Component UseVerificationTime.............................................................................................804.4.24.1 UseVerificationTime – JSON Syntax ...............................................................................................804.4.24.2 UseVerificationTime – XML Syntax..................................................................................................814.4.25 Component AdditionalTimeInfo...............................................................................................814.4.25.1 AdditionalTimeInfo – JSON Syntax..................................................................................................814.4.25.2 AdditionalTimeInfo – XML Syntax....................................................................................................824.4.26 Component VerificationTimeInfo.............................................................................................834.4.26.1 VerificationTimeInfo – JSON Syntax................................................................................................834.4.26.2 VerificationTimeInfo – XML Syntax ..................................................................................................834.4.27 Component AdditionalKeyInfo.................................................................................................844.4.27.1 AdditionalKeyInfo – JSON Syntax....................................................................................................844.4.27.2 AdditionalKeyInfo – XML Syntax......................................................................................................854.4.28 Component ProcessingDetails ................................................................................................864.4.28.1 ProcessingDetails – JSON Syntax...................................................................................................864.4.28.2 ProcessingDetails – XML Syntax.....................................................................................................874.4.29 Component Detail....................................................................................................................874.4.29.1 Detail – JSON Syntax ......................................................................................................................884.4.29.2 Detail – XML Syntax ........................................................................................................................894.4.30 Component SigningTimeInfo...................................................................................................894.4.30.1 SigningTimeInfo – JSON Syntax......................................................................................................894.4.30.2 SigningTimeInfo – XML Syntax........................................................................................................904.4.31 Component SigningTimeBoundaries ......................................................................................904.4.31.1 SigningTimeBoundaries – JSON Syntax .........................................................................................904.4.31.2 SigningTimeBoundaries – XML Syntax............................................................................................914.4.32 Component AugmentedSignature...........................................................................................914.4.32.1 AugmentedSignature – JSON Syntax..............................................................................................914.4.32.2 AugmentedSignature – XML Syntax ................................................................................................924.4.33 Component ReturnTransformedDocument .............................................................................934.4.33.1 ReturnTransformedDocument – JSON Syntax ................................................................................934.4.33.2 ReturnTransformedDocument – XML Syntax ..................................................................................934.4.34 Component TransformedDocument........................................................................................934.4.34.1 TransformedDocument – JSON Syntax...........................................................................................934.4.34.2 TransformedDocument – XML Syntax .............................................................................................934.5 Request/Response related data structures defined in this document..............................................944.5.1 Component InputDocuments.....................................................................................................944.5.1.1 InputDocuments – JSON Syntax .......................................................................................................944.5.1.2 InputDocuments – XML Syntax..........................................................................................................954.5.2 Component DocumentBase ......................................................................................................964.5.2.1 DocumentBase – JSON Syntax.........................................................................................................964.5.2.2 DocumentBase – XML Syntax ...........................................................................................................974.5.3 Component Document ..............................................................................................................974.5.3.1 Document – JSON Syntax .................................................................................................................974.5.3.2 Document – XML Syntax ...................................................................................................................984.5.4 Component TransformedData...................................................................................................984.5.4.1 TransformedData – JSON Syntax......................................................................................................994.5.4.2 TransformedData – XML Syntax......................................................................................................1004.5.5 Component DocumentHash ....................................................................................................1004.5.5.1 DocumentHash – JSON Syntax.......................................................................................................1014.5.5.2 DocumentHash – XML Syntax.........................................................................................................1024.5.6 Component SignatureObject ...................................................................................................1024.5.6.1 SignatureObject – JSON Syntax......................................................................................................1034.5.6.2 SignatureObject – XML Syntax........................................................................................................1044.6 Referenced Data Structure Models from other documents ............................................................1044.6.1 Component NameID................................................................................................................1044.6.1.1 NameID – JSON Syntax ..................................................................................................................1054.6.1.2 NameID – XML Syntax ....................................................................................................................1064.6.2 Component Transforms...........................................................................................................1064.6.2.1 Transforms – JSON Syntax .............................................................................................................1064.6.2.2 Transforms – XML Syntax ...............................................................................................................1074.6.3 Component Transform ............................................................................................................1074.6.3.1 Transform – JSON Syntax ...............................................................................................................1074.6.3.2 Transform – XML Syntax .................................................................................................................1084.7 Element / JSON name lookup tables..............................................................................................1095 Data Processing Model for Signing ..................................................................................................1185.1 Processing for XML Signatures ......................................................................................................1185.1.1 Sub process ‘process references’...................................................................................1185.1.2 Sub process ‘create XML signature’ ..............................................................................1205.1.2.1 XML Signatures Variant Optional Input IncludeObject...............................................................1205.2 Processing for CMS Signatures......................................................................................................1215.2.1 Sub process ‘process digest’ ...........................................................................................1215.2.2 Sub process ‘create CMS signature’ ..............................................................................1225.3 General Processing ........................................................................................................................1235.3.1 Multi-Signature Creation..........................................................................................................1235.3.2 Sub process ‘add Timestamp’..............................................................................................1235.3.2.1 Processing for CMS signatures time-stamping ................................................................................1245.3.2.2 Processing for XML Timestamps on XML signatures ......................................................................1245.3.2.3 Processing for RFC 3161 Timestamps on XML signatures .............................................................1256 Data Processing Model for Verification ............................................................................................1266.1 Processing for XML Signature Verification .....................................................................................1276.1.1 Sub process ‘retrieve XML signature’ ..........................................................................1276.1.2 Sub process ‘recalculate references’ ..........................................................................1286.1.3 Sub process ‘verify XML signature’ ..............................................................................1296.1.3.1 Processing for RFC 3161 timestamp tokens on XML Signatures ....................................................1296.1.3.2 Processing for XML timestamp tokens on XML signatures..............................................................1306.2 Processing for CMS Signature Verification ....................................................................................1306.2.1 Sub process ‘retrieve CMS signature’ ..........................................................................1316.2.2 Sub process ‘verify CMS signature’ ..............................................................................1316.2.2.1 Processing for RFC 3161 Timestamp tokens on CMS Signatures...................................................1326.3 General Processing ........................................................................................................................1326.3.1 Multi-Signature Verification .....................................................................................................1326.3.2 Sub process ‘augment Signature’ ...........................................................................................1336.3.3 Sub process ‘timestamp Signature’.........................................................................................1346.3.4 Task ‘build VerifyResponse’ ....................................................................................................1357 Asynchronous Processing Model .....................................................................................................1377.1 Asynchronous-only Processing ......................................................................................................1377.2 Enforcing Asynchronous Processing..............................................................................................1388 DSS Core Bindings...........................................................................................................................1398.1 HTTP POST Transport Binding ......................................................................................................1398.2 SOAP 1.2 Transport Binding ..........................................................................................................1398.3 Security Bindings ............................................................................................................................1409 DSS-Defined Identifiers ....................................................................................................................1419.1 Signature Type Identifiers...............................................................................................................1419.1.1 XML Signature.........................................................................................................................1419.1.2 XML TimeStampToken............................................................................................................1419.1.3 RFC 3161 TimeStampToken...................................................................................................1419.1.4 CMS Signature ........................................................................................................................1419.1.5 PGP Signature.........................................................................................................................1419.2 ResultMinors...................................................................................................................................14110 Security Considerations ...................................................................................................................14310.1 Well-Known Attack Vectors ..........................................................................................................14310.1.1 XML Parsing Vulnerabilities [non-normative] ........................................................................14310.1.2 XML Canonicalization Vulnerabilities [non-normative]..........................................................14310.1.3 Injection Attacks [non-normative] ..........................................................................................14310.1.4 JSON Deserialization Through Evaluation Attacks [non-normative].....................................14311 Conformance ....................................................................................................................................14511.1 Conformance as a DSS version 2.0 document ............................................................................14511.1.1 Conformance for JSON format..............................................................................................14511.1.2 Conformance for XML format ................................................................................................14511.1.3 Conformance for DSS Server................................................................................................14511.1.4 Conformance for DSS Client .................................................................................................145Appendix A. Acknowledgments ................................................................................................................146Appendix B. Index of Components and Elements ....................................................................................147Appendix C. List of Figures .......................................................................................................................148Appendix D. Revision History....................................................................................................................149

▲ 'Liaison document from CEN/CLC JTC 13 문서 이미지[출처=ISO]지난 10월16일 ISO/IEC 공동기술위원회 산하 분과위원회 SC 17은 'Liaison document from CEN/CLC JTC 13: Cyber Security and Data Protection presentation' 관련 문서를 배포했다.ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 17 카드 및 개인 식별을 위한 보안 장치(Cards and security devices for personal identification)는 국제표준화기구(ISO와 국제전기기술위원회(IEC)의 공동 기술 위원회(JTC) ISO/IEC JTC 1의 표준화 분과위원회다.ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 17의 국제사무국은 영국에 위치한 영국표준협회(BSI)이며 신분증 및 개인 식별 분야 표준을 개발하고 촉진하는 역할을 담당하고 있다.배포된  문서는 'Liaison document from CEN/CLC JTC 13: Cyber Security and Data Protection presentation는 10월9일 생성된 문서의 네번째 수정판(v.0.4)이다.유럽표준화기구(European Standardization Organizations) CEN/CLC/JTC 13 사이버보안 및 데이터 보호(Cyber Security and Data Protection)에 대한 문서다.개요(Overview)는 1. General, 2. Scope, 3. Structure, 4. Working Groups, 5. Further Information 등으로 구성됐다. 1. General 파트는 다음과 같이 구성됐다.△CEN/CLC/JTC 13 Cybersecurity and Data Protection   - Joint Technical Committee (JTC) of CEN and CENELEC   - established November 2017△120+ European experts on Cybersecurity and Data Protection△7 dedicated Working Groups△3 Plenary Meetings/Sessions per Year△Annual Outreach Events△Chairperson: Walter Fumy, Bundesdruckerei (Germany)△Secretariat: DIN German Institute of Standardization (Germany)△Secretary: Martin Uhlherr (DIN)△CEN-CENELEC Management Centre Program Manager: Laurens Hernalsteen▲ 사이버보안 및 데이터 보호(Cyber Security and Data Protection)-1. General 파트 [출처=ISO]2. Scope 파트는 다음과 같다.△Development of horizontal Standards in the Field of Cybersecurity and Data Protection for vertical Applications Domains△Horizontal Security & Privacy Topics of the evolving interconnected Society, driven by the European Market in Domains such as ICT, eHealth, Transport, Smart Cities, Automotive, IOT△Key Issues   - Management Systems, Frameworks, Methodologies   - Data Protection and Privacy   - Services and Products Evaluation Standards suitable for Security Assessment for large Companies and small and medium Enterprises   - Competence Requirements for Cybersecurity and Data Protection   - Security Requirements, Services, Techniques and Guidelines for ICT Systems, Services, Networks and Devices, including Smart Objects and distributed Computing Devices△Identification and Adoption of published Documents by ISO/IEC JTC 1, other SDOs, international Bodies and industrial Fora△Development of CEN/CENELEC Publications for safeguarding Information▲ 사이버보안 및 데이터 보호(Cyber Security and Data Protection)-2. Scope 파트 [출처=ISO]- 이하 생략 -

▲ ISO/IEC 지침-파트 1, 통합 JTC 1 보충 자료 2023[출처=ISO]지난 10월3일 ISO/IEC 공동기술위원회 산하 분과위원회 SC 17은 ISO/IEC CD 17839-2.3 관련 문서를 배포했다.ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 17 카드 및 개인 식별을 위한 보안 장치(Cards and security devices for personal identification)는 국제표준화기구(ISO와 국제전기기술위원회(IEC)의 공동 기술 위원회(JTC) ISO/IEC JTC 1의 표준화 분과위원회다.ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 17의 국제사무국은 영국에 위치한 영국표준협회(BSI)이며 신분증 및 개인 식별 분야 표준을 개발하고 촉진하는 역할을 담당하고 있다.배포된  문서는 'ISO/IEC JTC 1 N16556 Consolidated JTC 1 Supplement 2023'이다. ISO/IEC 지침-파트 1, 통합 JTC 1 보충 자료 2023 - JTC 1 관련 절차(Consolidated JTC 1 Supplement2023—Procedures specific to JTC 1)는 국제 표준 및 기타 문서 개발 시 아래 기본 원칙을 보호하기 위한 기술 작업 절차를 정의하고 있다.세부적으로 살펴보면 △투명성 △개방성 △공정성 및 합의성 △효율성 및 관련성 △일관성 등이다.  SO/IEC 지침은 5가지 문서로 구성돼 있다. ▷ISO/IEC 지침, 파트 1 = 국제 표준 및 기타 문서 개발을 위해 ISO 및 IEC 위원회에 적용되는 기술 작업에 대한 ISO 및 IEC 공통 절차를 설명함.▷ISO 보충 자료 = 국제 표준 및 기타 문서 개발을 위해 ISO 위원회에 적용되는 기술 작업에 대한 ISO 특정 절차를 설명.▷IEC 보충 자료 = 국제 표준 및 기타 문서 개발을 위해 IEC 위원회에 적용되는 기술 작업에 대한 IEC 특정 절차를 설명.▷JTC 1 보충 자료 = 국제 표준 및 기타 문서 개발에만 JTC 1에 적용할 수 있는 기술에 대한 ISO/IEC 공동 기술 위원회 1(JTC 1) 특정 절차를 설명.▷ISO, IEC 및 ISO/IEC JTC 1의 각 웹사이트 = 기술 작업에 참여하는 개인을 위한 보충 지침과 도구를 제공.JTC 1이 ISO/IEC 지침 및 통합 JTC 1 보충 자료를 보완하기 위해 SD(Standing Documents)와 같은 추가 문서를 참조할 필요가 있다.참고로 ISO-CEN 기술 협력 협정에 따라 CEN과 협력하는 위원회의 경우 비엔나 협정이 적용된다. IEC-CENELEC 기술 협력 협정에 따라 CENELEC와 협력하는 위원회의 경우 프랑크푸르트 협정이 적용된다. ISO/IEC Directives Part 1 Edition, 2023 문서 목차는 다음과 같다.Contents : Significant updates since the last edition1.Organizational structure and responsibilities for the technical work  1.1 Role of the technical management board  1.2 Advisory groups to the technical management board  1.4 Role of the Chief Executive Officer  1.5 Establishment of technical committees  1.6 Establishment of subcommittees  1.7 Participation in the work of technical committees and subcommittees  1.8 Chairs of technical committees and subcommittees  1.9 Secretariats of technical committees and subcommittees  1.10 Project committees  1.11 Editing committees  1.12 Working groups  1.13 Groups having advisory functions within a committee.  1.14 Ad hoc groups  1.15 Liaison between committees  1.16 Liaison between ISO and IEC  1.17 Liaison with other organizations2. Development of International Standards  2.1 The project approach  2.2 Preliminary stage  2.3 Proposal stage  2.4 Preparatory Stage  2.5 Committee stage  2.6 Enquiry stage  2.7 Approval stage  2.8 Publication stage  2.9 Maintenance of documents  2.10 Corrections and amendments  2.11 Maintenance agencies  2.12 Registration authorities  2.13Copyright  2.14 Reference to patented items (see also AnnexI)3 Development of other documents  3.1 Technical Specifications  3.2 Publicly Available Specifications (PAS)  3.3 Technical Reports4 Meetings  4.1 General  4.2 Procedure for calling a meeting  4.3 Languages at meetings  4.4 Cancellation of meetings5 Appeals  5.1 General  5.3Appeal against a technical committee decision  5.4Appeal against a technical management board decision  5.5Progress of work during an appeal process

▲ 디지털 ID 산업의 발전 전략 [출처=iNIS]디지털 ID(Digital Identity) 분야에서 상호운용(interoperable)이 가능하고 안전한 서비스 보장을 위한 표준에 대한 수요가 증가하고 있다. 다양한 표준 조직 및 산업 기관이 활동하는 이유다.디지털 ID 표준을 개발하는 곳은 유럽표준화기구(European Standardisation Organistions), 국제표준화기구(International Standardisation Organisation, SDOs), 상업 포럼 및 컨소시엄, 국가기관 등  다양하다.국제표준(international standard, IS)은 많은 국가 전문가들의 합의에 의해 개발된 문서다. 이렇게 개발된 문서는 전 세계적으로 공인된 국제표준화기구(International Standardisation Organisations, SDOs) 중 하나에 의해 승인 및 발행된다. 전 세계적으로 공인된 국제표준화기구(SDOs)는 세계표준화기구(International Organization for Standardization, ISO), 국제전기기술위원회(International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC), 국제전기통신연합(International Telecommunications Union, ITU)등이 있다.이중 대부분의 국제 디지털 ID와 관련된 활동은 ISO/IEC JTC1, 정보보안(Information Security) 내에서 이뤄지고 있다.관련 관련 분과위원회인 △ISO/IEC JTC1/SC 6 △ISO/IEC JTC1/SC 17 △ISO/IEC JTC1/SC 27 △ISO/IEC JTC1/SC 31 및 연구범위 내에 있는 ISO TC 307에 대해 자세히 알아보면 다음과 같다.ISO/IEC JTC1/SC 6, 시스템 간 통신 및 정보교환(Telecommunications and information exchange between systems)과 관련된 실무그룹(Working Group, WG)는 자문그룹(AG) 4개, WG 3개 등이다.▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 6/AG 1 Wearable devices▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 6/AG 2 Concepts and terminology▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 6/AG 3 Systematic review process▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 6/AG 4 MCS innovation▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 6/WG 1 Physical and data link layers▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 6/WG 7 Network, transport and future network▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 6/WG 10 Directory, ASN.1 and RegistrationISO/IEC JTC1/SC 17, 개인식별을 위한 카드 및 보안장치(Cards and security devices for personal identification)과 관련된 실무그룹은 자문그룹 2개, 의장 자문그룹(CAG)1개, 워킹그룹(WG) 7개다.▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 17/AG 1 Registration Management Group (RMG)▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 17/AG 3 Digital wallets▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 17/CAG 1 Chair's Advisory Group▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 17/WG 1 Physical characteristics and test methods for ID-cards▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 17/WG 3 Traveller identification▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 17/WG 4 Generic interfaces and protocols for security devices▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 17/WG 8 Integrated circuit cards without contacts▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 17/WG 10 Motor vehicle driver licence and related documents▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 17/WG 11 Application of biometrics to cards and personal identification▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 17/WG 12 UAS License and Drone/UAS Security ModuleISO/IEC JTC1/SC 27, 정보 보안, 사이버 보안 및 개인정보 보호(Information security, cybersecurity and privacy protection)와 관련된 실무그룹은 자문그룹 5개, 특별그룹(Ad-hoc group, AHG) 3개, 의장 자문그룹(CAG) 1개, 공동작업반(JWG) 1개, 워킹그룹(WG) 5개 등이다.▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 27/AG 2 Trustworthiness Working group▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 27/AG 5 Strategy Working group▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 27/AG 6 Operations Working group▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 27/AG 7 Communication and Outreach (AG-CO) Working group▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 27/AG 8 Advisory Group on Conformity Assessment Working group▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 27/AHG 1 Resolution Drafting Working group▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 27/AHG 2 Security and privacy in IoT and Digital Twin Working group▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 27/AHG 3 Security and privacy in AI and Big Data (BD) Working group▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 27/CAG Chair’s Advisory Group Working group▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 27/JWG 6 Joint ISO/IEC JTC1/SC 27 - ISO/TC 22/SC 32 WG : Cybersecurity requirements and evaluation activities for connected vehicle devices Working group▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 27/WG 1 Information security management systems Working group▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 27/WG 2 Cryptography and security mechanisms Working group▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 27/WG 3 Security evaluation, testing and specification Working group▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 27/WG 4 Security controls and services Working group▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 27/WG 5 Identity management and privacy technologies Working groupISO/IEC JTC1/SC 31, 자동 식별 및 데이터 캡처 기술(Automatic identification and data capture techniques)과 관련된 실무그룹은 워킹그룹 4개가 있다.▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31/WG 1 Data carrier Working group▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31/WG 2 Data and structure Working group▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31/WG 4 Radio communications Working group▷ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31/WG 8 Application of AIDC standards Working groupISO TC 307(ISO Technical Committee 307)은 블록체인 기술 및 분산 원장 기술(Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies) 관련 실무그룹은 자문그룹(AG) 3개, 특별그룹(Ad-hoc group, AHG) 1개, 의장 자문그룹(CAG) 1개, 공동작업반(JWG) 1개, 워킹그룹(WG) 6개 등으로 구성돼 있다.▷ISO/TC 307/AG 1 SBP Review Advisory Group▷ISO/TC 307/AG 2 Liaison Advisory Group▷ISO/TC 307/AG 3 Digital currencies▷ISO/TC 307/AHG 4 DLT and carbon markets▷ISO/TC 307/CAG 1 Convenors coordination group▷ISO/TC 307/JWG 4 Joint ISO/TC 307 - ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 27 WG: Security, privacy and identity for Blockchain and DLT▷ISO/TC 307/WG 1 Foundations▷ISO/TC 307/WG 3 Smart contracts and their applications▷ISO/TC 307/WG 5 Governance▷ISO/TC 307/WG 6 Use cases▷ISO/TC 307/WG 7 Interoperability▷ISO/TC 307/WG 8 Non-Fungible Tokens이외에도 다른 위원회 책임 하에 있는 공동 실무그룹은 ISO/TC 46/SC 11/JWG 1Joint ISO/TC 46/SC 11 - ISO/TC 307 WG: Blockchain이다.